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Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often associated with eye pressure. It can develop without symptoms, making early detection, regular monitoring and timely treatment essential to protect vision and prevent permanent vision loss.
What is glaucoma?
Understand what glaucoma is, how it develops and the different types that affect vision.
Glaucoma Symptoms
Recognise the symptoms of glaucoma and how vision may change over time.
What causes glaucoma?
Understand the underlying causes of glaucoma and how optic nerve damage develops.
Glaucoma Risk Factors
Understand the factors that increase the likelihood of developing glaucoma.
Glaucoma Screening
Learn how glaucoma is detected during routine eye examinations.
Glaucoma Diagnosis
Understand how glaucoma is diagnosed through specialised testing and assessment.
Glaucoma Treatment
Explore treatment options for glaucoma and how pressure is controlled to protect vision.
Glaucoma Surgery
Learn how surgical treatment for glaucoma works and when it is considered.
Glaucoma Management
Learn how glaucoma is managed long-term to protect vision.
Low Vision Rehabilitation
Learn how low vision rehabilitation supports independence and daily function.

Additional Glaucoma Resources

Glaucoma resources for Patients

Clear, practical guidance to help you prepare for consultations, understand treatment options, and feel confident in your decisions.

Glaucoma resources for Healthcare Professionals

Information for optometrists and referring doctors, including referral considerations and collaborative care.

How to use this Glaucoma guide

This page provides a structured overview of glaucoma and links to more detailed information on each aspect of the conditions.

If you are experiencing symptoms, have risk factors, or have been referred for assessment, you can use this guide to navigate to the sections most relevant to your situation.

Glaucoma is a group of conditions that damage the optic nerve, often associated with increased intraocular pressure, although it can also occur with normal pressure. It typically develops gradually and may not cause noticeable symptoms in the early stages, making it difficult to detect without examination.

Over time, optic nerve damage can lead to progressive changes in vision, most commonly affecting peripheral vision first. Because this damage is permanent, early detection is essential to limit progression.

Although glaucoma cannot be cured, it can be effectively managed to reduce the risk of further vision loss and preserve long-term visual function.

View VideoThis video gives patients an overview of glaucoma and how IOP can play a role in damaging the optic nerve. We suggest emailing this video to your patients after their appointment so they can review with loved ones at a later time.

When to seek assesment

Because glaucoma may not cause early symptoms, an eye assessment is recommended if you have risk factors such as a family history of glaucoma, diabetes or increasing age.

You should also seek assessment if you notice changes in vision, particularly loss of peripheral vision, or if you have been advised to have your eye pressure or optic nerve evaluated.

If you are concerned about glaucoma or would like a comprehensive eye assessment, schedule a consultation with Dr Cronjé Ophthalmologist & Eye Surgeon | FC Ophth (SA) | MBChB (Pret) | Dip Ophth (SA) for accurate diagnosis and personalised management.